Descriptions of smoke and odor vary with dryness, animal diet, ventilation, and expectations.
Ash
Dung fuel could leave substantial ash, requiring stove and hearth maintenance.
Reading accounts
Some writers emphasized novelty or disgust, while regular users focused on utility.
Frequently asked questions
What does bodewash mean?
Dried buffalo or cow dung used as fuel.
Is it the same as buffalo chips?
The terms can overlap, though buffalo chips is more familiar.
Where did the word come from?
It developed from American French bois de vache.
Why did people burn dung?
Because wood was scarce or costly to transport.
Did only settlers use it?
No. Indigenous and pastoral communities had longstanding fuel knowledge.
Is indoor burning safe?
Solid-fuel smoke can harm health; this site documents history rather than recommending use.